Investigating Human trafficking types causes and effects

Investigating benevolent trafficking types causes and effectsHuman trafficking is considered as one of the most problematic issues in today worlds participation. Since this problem happens throughout the world, it is necessary to call with it globally. For ASEAN level, gracious trafficking is one of the transnational crimes that take place across national borderlines or take place within one country but their consequences signifi endtly affect some other country. Likewise, Cambodia also faces with this kind of serious crime as a transit, origin, and recipient nation.I.1 Types of human trafficking1. Forced effortAccording to the International Labor Organization (ILO), forced pains is a work or service exacted from a someone under threat or penalty, which includes penal sanctions and the loss of rights and privileges, where the person has not offered him/herself voluntarily.2. Sexual ExploitationIn term of recruitment, traffickers resort to deception, in particular through fa lsepromises of well-paid jobs or opportunities to study abroad. In many cases, victims let out themselves abroad, locked in apartments, with their passports confiscated by traffickers who coerce them to work in prostitution through threats, use of force, abuse and rape. Very often, the victims be promised their freedom only after earning their acquire price, as well as theirtravel and visa costs, through prostitution.3. Organ removalAfter sexual exploitation, the most visible form of exploitation of human trafficking is organ removal. The victims of this kind of exploitation mostly argon children. The children were removed their organ for the heading of begging and peddling (selling small equipment, flowers and cig bettes).4. Forced couplingForced marriage is a practice with deep historical root in which at least one ofthe party is married against his/her will and consent. Today, forced marriage can also be linked to human trafficking. Despite universe recognized as a human ri ghts violation and being condemned by the United Nations habitual Assembly (UNGA), the practice of forced marriage occurs on a significant scale today. In Kampuchean society, especially in rural argonas we can inflict that parents always forced their daughter to marry to foreigner on the hope of improving their living condition. Unfortunately, their daughter somehow exploited by foreigner as domestic workers or sex slaves.5. Illicit adoptionIllegal adoption of children is also another form of human trafficking since it involves the selling and buying children or bungle illegally between parents and buyers. Due to unclear familys plan or unwanted pregnancy, parents often sell their kids to buyers for the purpose of adoption. In some case, unlucky children were sold to furious families which force them to serve as domestic servants or slaves.I.2 Trafficker and the Trafficked1. Who are the traffickers?Traffickers can be involved in diverse functions (as recruiters, transporters o r exploiters) and in various activities during the different stages of the process (Traffickers can be men or women of any age. Women play a role during the recruitment and exploitation phases. Male traffickers with varying degrees of higher status within the trafficking network act as recruiters, transporters and managers during the exploitation phase.Increasingly, females may also perform these roles.2. Who are the victims?Adult women are most frequently describe to be trafficked, followed by children. Plus, men are victims of human trafficking as well.II. Current situationCambodia is a source, transit, and destination country for human trafficking. Cambodian men, women, and children are trafficked for sexual and labor exploitation in Thailand, Malaysia, Macao, and Taiwan. Men are trafficked for forced labor in the agriculture, fishing, and construction industries. Women are trafficked for sexual exploitation and forced labor in factories or as domestic servants.Children are traf ficked for sexual exploitation and forced labor in organized begging rings, soliciting, street vending, and flower selling. The Ministry of Social Affairs and younker Rehabilitations found that 76 percent of trafficked persons returned from Thailand had come from families who owned land, 93 percent owned their own house and had no debt on the land or house, and 47 percent stated that their mother was the facilitator of their trafficking. As the transition, Cambodia is a transit country for victims trafficked from Vietnam to Thailand. Cambodia is a destination country for women and children who are trafficked from Vietnam and China for sexual exploitation. Common destinations for trafficking victims are Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, and Sihanouk Ville. A cc5 report estimated that 2,000 victims in Cambodia have been trafficked into sexual exploitation, approximately 80 percent of whom were Vietnamese women and girls.Internal trafficking in Cambodia is thought to be predominantly for the pur pose of commercial sexual exploitation. Internal trafficking for sexual exploitation is mainly to urban and tourist areas, including to Phnom Penh and to Sihanouk Ville. Increasingly, young women are being deceptively recruited to work in karaoke bars. These women are employed under the pretence of a job in a restaurant or as a waitress in an entertainment complex, and firearm they are often not physically forced to have sex with clients, the women face constant harassment in a sexually exploitative environment.Trafficking in children, curiously very young children and children with a disability are also recruited to sell sweets and flowers on the streets. A small itemize are recruited for work in other sectors, such as domestic work or in restaurants. Trafficking from Cambodia also takes place for the purpose of labor exploitation in a number of industries, including construction, logging, factory work and agriculture. There is an emerging body of research that is concerned rou ghly Cambodian men being trafficked to work in Thailands fishing application and in construction and factory work in Malaysia.15 Cambodian men who are lured into working on Thai fishing boats report appalling conditions, confine and isolated, they suffer from long working hours, dangerous working conditions and physical abuse.III. Causes and Effects of human trafficking in CambodiaThere are many causes of human trafficking in Cambodia. penury is an important factor which has increased women and childrens vulnerability to human traffickers particularly the poor and unemployed due to their willingness to join or their low level of awareness on the dangers associated with human trafficking. Poverty again is considered as the main driver behind their decisions to migrate over sea for work. In addition to poverty, the lack of education and unemployment on that point are also significant social and culture factors that contribute to human trafficking. For instance, culture norms that perpetuate a lack of respect women increase the likelihood of them being exploited. Similarly, the perception of children as wage earners also increases the likelihood of them being trafficked. Moreover, the low level of education, family debt, agriculture failure, lack of land and off-season work were pushing people to the great(p) cities or other countries as the men go into construction, women into services and prostitution. Last but definitely not least, broken families, disaster, uneven economic development, lack of border controls, socio-economic imbalance between the rural and urban areas, increased tourism, unsafe migration are also significant contributing factors to human trafficking.After getting to know the roots of human trafficking, it is also important to understand its effects. In fact, human trafficking has many consequences. First, the spread of HIV/AIDS is one of the consequences of human trafficking. For instance, many victims of human trafficking are physically and sexually abused. Trafficked women are often not in a position of negotiate safe sex, or lack access to education about HIV/AIDS. Therefore, they can transmit the disease to the next customers. That is the reason that HIV/AIDS can spread from one person to another person easily. The victims not only suffer from HIV/AIDS, but also often suffer from stigmatization by their communities. Moreover, many are treated as criminals by officials in countries of transit and destination due to their irregular status in the country, and their status as illegal workers or sex workers. What is more, human trafficking is generating the violation of human right. As we know that the victims are forced to do the prostitute and other kind of exploitations.IV. Solutions of Cambodian governmentCambodia is a source, transit, and destination country for human trafficking. Therefore, The Royal Government of Cambodia does not stand still without taking any actions. The graduation mechanism is the prose cution. It is making some many significant efforts for example, the government created a national anti-trafficking line force to improve the interagency response to trafficking and coordination with civil society, increased law enforcement action against traffickers and complicit officials, and undertook stayion activities. Besides these, in February 2008, Cambodias new Law on the Suppression of Human Trafficking and Commercial Sexual Exploitation was declared wisely and went into effect immediately. This law provides enforcement authorities, the power of investigate all forms of trafficking, and it is also a powerful tool in efforts to rent and convict traffickers and have them face strict punishments. The Ministry of Interior (MOI) reported 53 trafficking cases from April 2007 to March 2008, thirty-five cases were sex trafficking involving 60 victims and 11 were labor trafficking cases involving 106 victims. The MOI reported that 65 traffickers were arrested during the reportin g period. The Phnom Penh Municipal Court convicted 52 trafficking offenders. The MOI Department of Anti-Trafficking and Juvenile Protection reported 52 cases, involving 65 trafficking offenders. There is also a think that we get from non-state actors such as NGOs. For instance, NGOs reported 19 labor trafficking cases. In February 2008, Prime Minister Hun Sen ordered the Ministry of Commerce to annul business licenses for marriage agencies, label that kind of business is also a form of human trafficking. Another mechanism of combating human trafficking in Cambodia is the shield. The Royal Government of Cambodia improved its efforts to provide protection to victims of trafficking, while continuing to rely on NGOs and international organizations. Victims are not treated as criminals. Law enforcement and immigration officials implemented formal procedures to identify victims among under fire(predicate) groups and refer them to provincial and municipal Departments of Social Affairs. For instance, the victims are provided with education or skill in order to make them have jobs to support their living. For foreign victims, they are provided temporary residence in shelters providing legal, educational, and counseling services while awaiting repatriation. Last but definitely not least mechanism is the blockion. The Royal Government of Cambodia demo solid efforts to prevent trafficking. In April 2007, the government established a National Task Force (NTF) comprising 11 government ministries, three government agencies, and more than 200 international and local NGOs. The NTF has an oversight mechanism known as the High Level Working Group, chaired by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior. This indicates the first time has coordinated anti-trafficking efforts across government ministries and agencies, and also formally includes civil society. In collaboration with civil society, the NTF launched a nationwide anti-trafficking campaign using unequivocal messages incorporating Khmer values and cultural traditions to inspire Cambodians to take action against human trafficking. The campaign emphasized trafficking as a national priority and launched a national communication on trafficking via general forums across Cambodia. More interestingly, Cambodia also has international cooperation in combating human trafficking. For instance, On May 6, 2005the government and the other five member states of the interrelated Mekong Ministerial Initiative against Trafficking (COMMIT)met in Phnom Penh and agreed to approve the plan of action developed in March 2005 in Hanoi.V. ConclusionRecommendations for CambodiaI would recommend Cambodian government continue implementation of the comprehensive anti-trafficking polity and provide training for law enforcement and government officials on the new law. Moreover, significantly improve the number of prosecutions, convictions, and punishments of trafficking offenders, particularly in areas outside the capital are also should be taking into considerations. Besides these, Cambodia should and must try to make greater efforts to prosecute, convict, and criminally punish public officials complicit in trafficking hold labor recruiting agencies criminally responsible for labor trafficking by means of fraudulent recruitment. What is more, the government should continue to enhance interagency cooperation and collaboration with civil society create concrete benchmarks for the provincial working groups under the direction of the National Task Force. Last but definitely not least, government of Cambodia should increase efforts to prosecute sex tourists and those facilitating commercial sexual exploitation of children. There is also some recommendation from the U.S. Department of State recommends that the Cambodia Government should pass and enact comprehensive anti-trafficking legislation and make greater efforts to prosecute and convict public officials who profit from or are involved in tr afficking. In addition to that, here is also another general recommendation such as protect the rights of victims. According to the UN principle on Human Rights which states that the human rights of trafficked persons shall be at the center of all efforts to prevent and combat trafficking and to protect, assist and provide redress to victims. In other words, the needs and rights of victims should be considered at every stage in proceedings. Furthermore, in order to prevent and protect successfully, the demand should be reduced since the demand reduction must be linked to the prevention and protection. Another recommendation is the establishing comprehensive policies. The complexities of the trafficking problem claim efforts by relevant entities at the local, national, regional, and international levels. It is vitally to form partnership with intergovernmental organizations, governments, NGOs, international organizations, communities and families confronted with trafficking.

Hospitality and hospitality management

Hospitality and cordial reception managementThe aim of this paper is to critically review the nature of hospitality and hospitality management that Hilton Worldwide adapted. In view of this it is to be expected that analysis whitethorn celestial orbit from the view at genius end of the continuum that this is a lot of unnecessary nonsense which solo serves to confuse the issues further, to that which sees this exercise as a stimulating and liberating contribution at the other. The views expressed in the paper clear raise some(prenominal) signifi micklet issues and questions which Hilton management needs to be addressed more fully in the early. The challenge to the conventional wisdom utmostlights both the individuality and parameter issues related to the nature and scope of what should be properly regarded as hospitality and hospitality management. This, in turn, poses some fundamental rating concerning the most arrogate orientation and priorities for both hospitality and hospitality management research and practice for Hilton.Counted Words 4200Comp any(prenominal) OverviewHilton Worldwide previously known as Hilton Hotels Corporation is a leading hospitality accompany located worldwide. The radical formation signifies the companys global avocation r all(prenominal) and strategies the logo denitrifies the hotels affluent heritage and values and excellence in redevelopment (Hilton Worldwide, 2009).The companys vision is to fill the earth with light and warmth of hospitality and the mission is to be the global hospitality company be the premier(prenominal) alternative for the guests, employee and owners alike (Hilton Worldwide, 2009).The values of Hilton worldwide is embosses inside the name itself which atomic number 18H (hospitality) delivering outstanding hospitality experienceI (integrity) al way of lifes do the right occasionL (leadership) prominent leader in key problem beas and communalitiesT (teamwork) success is the combination of teamwork in e realthing it doesO (ownership) owner of avocation actions and decisionsN (now) cultivate in terms of urgency and disciplineHilton worldwide consists of 10 brands embarrasss more than 3300 hotels in 77 countries as of today and is planning to open 300 in coming days. on the whole of these hotels are either operated by contract or wholly owned by Hilton. Management body is headed by a electric chair and CEO, the company is divided into 4 global regions America, Europe, Middle East Africa, and Asia Pacific (Hilton Worldwide, 2009).External AuditMacro Environmental (PESTE) Analysis)A PESTE Analysis is an analysis of out-of-door macro-environmental factor that affects firms crease. PESTE is an acronym for Political, Economic, Social, Technological and Environmental issues that influences the strategic winment of a business. These issues are contrasting in different locations and thus business firms may adopt different strategies in different countries where it operates to identify the business opportunities as advantageously as threats. This assessment task would consider the worldwide strategy of Hilton (King, 1995).PoliticalPolitical factors accept regime rules, regulations and legal issues under which the firm must operate and adhere (Nailon, 1982)(Wood, 1994). The issues discussed are environmental regulation and protection, political stability, corporate and consumer tax incomeation, framework for contract enforcement, knowing property protection, trade regulations, trading partners, anti-trust laws, pricing, mandatory employee benefits, industrial safety regulations, product labeling requirements, competition regulation etc (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988).The political movement can exhaust definite effect on hotel business in UK. For example, if government set a rules under 18 years patrons must be accompanied with parents or guardians, it may lead the decrease of young visitors. Imposing high goods and suffice tax (GST) or si milar taxes would prevent more people to visit the hotel more often. By loosing these potency guests, Hilton may loose income and may need increase products and work to recover losses. Though Hilton groups are committed to use high scale safety standards, UK government rules may non give permission to operate business due to safety footing (like hill, low lying areas) even though at that place may wealthy person choice if business egress (Middleton, 1983). If the government plans to subsidies some of the service it provides (e.g. for disabled or senior citizens), the hotel may gain profits as well as increase services. Thus political actions may have both negative and positive impact on hotel business (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988) (Hilton Worldwide, 2009).EconomicEconomic factors positively effects hospitality business. It determines how easy or difficult to sustain in a business along with capital, cost, crave, monetary policy, unemployment rates, exchange rates of foreign cur rencies, tax on exchanges (Wood, 1994). When scotch harvest-feast is high, consumers income level raises thus demand for hospitality result increase too. Since the recent economic recession started, hospitality business was accomplish badly and it is yet to recover from the losses incurred. Increase of rates would prevent hotelier to seek for alternative choices (e.g. budget hotel or even home stay). In UK, hotel accommodation prices are extremely high than any other countries around the world. Consumers income level didnt rise up much and they fell the stringent budget tryst for daily needs. Very few people depart consider spending holidays in luxurious hotels if they dont afford to. A high income or wages will allow domestic traveler to get high class hospitality in high class hotels (King, 1995).SocialSocial factors are income level, demographics, geographies, life entitle, education, weather, coating and fashions (Wood, 1994). Social factors can be both opportunities an d threats for a hospitality business (Lewis, 1988). Different age or sex of people would require different services (Slattery, 1983). Elderly people demand is not similar to young people. Business people will seek to have more work related facilities (e.g. internet, movie conference) while holiday makers would seek more natural touch (e.g. garden, fishing) (Burgess, 1982).Cultural differences are a major play in hospitality business. While local people like crowd and gossip, tourist would seek for quiet and silent place as they plan holiday. Season is also an important factor (Middleton, 1983). family end and holiday chasten are peak time for hotel business while therere not much crowd during working days or off-peak season. intimately travelers are affected by bad weather and usually dont hold for leisure during extreme either condition specially in winter season (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988).TechnologicalThis is the century of applied science enhancement. So does business. Aggr essive development of expert factors brought rapid growth for hotel business (Slattery, 1983). The factors may include spend on technological research government effort center industry based technology, unexampled invention and their impacts, communication alternatives, speed of technology transfer, cost of usage, rate of technological diffusion. impudently technology could prove a useful input in hospitality business but it has to established with purchase and installment cost along with rearing to employees (King, 1995).Hiltons business will mostly depend on technological factors. guests from around the world is now able to evaluate the products and services provided by Hilton through the several(prenominal) websites, compare prices, seek advice and even can reserve a facility as early as one year prior to arrival. Hilton group itself move much effort to keep the website simple and user friendly so that visitor will not feel difficulty to find any obtainable information. Any latest service or products can reach to millions of guests through the website or communications (Reuland, Choudry, and Fagel, 1985). Providing details of e precise facilities Hilton placed itself to the top choice of any search engines. Traveler from any part of the world can communicate in real time with Hilton representative and made their choices, payments etc (Burgess, 1982).Besides for in-hotel node, Hilton offers state-of-the art high speed wireless, video communications, and teleconferencing, to keep guests always in touch with outdoor(a) world. These services received a bug thumbs up since it was introduced and continuously keep enhancing technology to stay before in business (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988).EnvironmentalEnvironmental factors have been considered important factors for large governings which particularly operated worldwide (Wood, 1994). This factor includes environmental responsibility, improvement of death penalty towards sustainable future, guest and te am commitment to environments, reuse and recycle materials etc (Khan and Olsen, 1988).Hilton hotels recognizes their responsibility by embracing environmental mission includes all members under its group to focus on energy water efficiency, CO2 reduction, waste management, renewable energy. It take environment friendly initiatives which will impact guests positively, influence use of resources in accord with nature by promoting the use of go around environment sociable practices, supports local environment policies (Middleton, 1983).As of present days, Hilton promised to reduce energy consumption, CO2 emissions and waste widening by 20% and water consumption by 10%. These steps ahead will place the firm in lead position and will increase reputation by means.Industry Dynamic (Porters 5 Force) AnalysisPorters model determines the competitiveness of an organization using the five different forces and shows how the forces are related. To develop business strategies effectively, orga nizations must understand and act in response to those forces. (Porter, 1985)Rivalry Among Existing CompetitorsCompetitive rivalry analysis is one of the key areas that business must consider to determine business strategy that firm must adopt and implement continuously over time (Wood, 1994) (Porter, 1985). The hotel business now days are in truth much competitive. With millions of tourist travels every year, luxurious hotel is the first choice for most tourists. Having numerous competitors in market (e.g. inter continental, best western) the competition between players are intense (Burgess, 1982). For example, British consumers are said to having higher buying powers thus will seek for high end luxuries. That works behind the reason why companies constantly compete for better products and attractive prices. In order to be leader is luxurious market, Hilton has to offer unique offers (E.g Park and fly with up to 8 days airport parking, ultimate spa journey with six senses spa in Lo ndon). This force is in favor of Hilton. little terror of New Entrants bane of new entrants may consider the ease of new entry, competitive advantages, place and positions, customers, government support etc (Porter, 1985). To open a new luxurious hotel by another(prenominal) firm in UK would be quite difficult since there are enormous regulations and rules imposed by governments. UK government chooses to advise the alive hotels to improve their business rather than consider letting bring new competitors. Besides, consumer now days doesnt seek much luxurious hotel instead they would prefer budget hotel. Thus new entry to comfy hotel business is not deep (Nailon, 1982). This force is in favor of Hilton.Threat of Substitute Product and ServicesThis force is said to have much influence in Hilton business strategy in recent years. There force includes factors such as product for product substation, need, facilities, budget etc (Reuland, Choudry, and Fagel, 1985)(Porter, 1985). Hilton n ot only requires looking after new entrants as threat but also substituted product and service as a major threat. When there is social occasion of hospitality, its consumers choice what they chose to take. For example, a water bottle in Hiltons caf may cost few more pounds which is cheap just the opposite side grocery shop. A lavishness spa may cost few hundreds of pounds which may be proven cheapest for similar kind in other dedicated spa shops. For one night stopper, back packers and Hilton doesnt have any special prices which usually find their way in budget hotel. These type of consumers seems to be become a huge amount at the end as budget hotel is booming every where around the world. Hilton came up with idea of including a theme park in hotels without considering that some areas may already have amusement park which provide same services as they plan often in cheap price. This force is against Hilton (Burgess, 1982).dicker Power of BuyersThis force consists of high income, l arge service provider, low switching cost etc (Porter, 1985). Before economic recession, consumers were having high incomes and seek more luxuries. As there are choices available in the market, Hilton has to react very quickly to retain customer intention to be their choice of providing world class hospitality in potential lowest price (Lewis, 1988). Todays buyers are most dynamic and well motivated requires more concentration on their needs . Hilton would have to avoid what they think about customer instead they should identify what consumers think about Hilton. Consumers will definitely seek most affordable having all facilities they required and so, hospitality firms have to struggle of adopts the new trends, lifestyle as quickly as possible to offer their loyal customers (Slattery, 1983). This force is against Hilton.Bargaining power of providersThis force may include switching cost, high purchase cost etc (Porter, 1985). Raw material suppliers play an important role in firms bu siness growth (Tideman, 1983). A foodstuff supplier may not offer todays price tomorrow due of supply shortage (Middleton, 1983). Thus to offer catering to guest, Hilton has to purchase the same stuffs in higher prices which will be sum of large amounts of money (Burgess, 1982). If this extra money is to be imposed on guests, this would result Hilton loosing business. Besides, switching to another supplier would be a difficult choice too (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988). For example, Hilton has hired a transportation Company to ferry its guest everywhere they go. Considering, high demand of transportation business offers high price, Hilton has to pay high prices than normal to retain transportation facilities in operation. This force is not in favor of Hilton (Khan and Olsen, 1988).From the above analysis of Hiltons 5 forces analysis, the draw below will provide a summary of the firms overall industry analysis.Porters 5 force analysis talks about the external forces applicable to the out side of business. Todays business is much more vast and robust requiring dynamic approaches which should be an integration of different approaches rather than depends on a single analysis (Porter, 1985). inseparable factor analysis requires much analysis as external. Designing, visioning and learning approaches should be considered when an industry analysis is done. Porters 5 forces are lack of these factors. (Jones, 1996)Bargaining Power of Buyers(-)Threat of Substitute Products and Services(-)Bargaining Power of Buyers(-)Threat of New Entrants(+)Rivalry among existing competitors(+)External Factor Evaluation (EFE) MatrixExternal factor evaluation a strategic tool used for analyze the current business strategy. External factors consider the opportunities and threats that a business or firm may face. These factors are about related to PESTE analysis.Developing EFE matrix is generally easy in mathematical term. The first step is to gather external factors for opportunities and thr eats. Next, assign weight to each factor. The weight should be between 1 to 100 (0 means the factor has no value, 1 is most influential and 100 means most critical). altogether weights at the end must be sum to 100. Then, rate of factors is necessary. Rate indicates how responsive the firm is towards the factors Rating usually be done between 1 to 4 (1 = poor response 2= below average, 3= above average, 4 = fast response). Next, multiply each factor weight its ratings resulting weighted score. Lastly, sum up sum of all weighted score will determine the EFE of the firm.For Hiltons WorldwideWeight Rating Weighted ScoreThreatsEconomic recession 20% 4 0.80Government Tax 10% 2 0.20Low cost hospitality 15% 4 0.60Price change of raw materials 8% 2 0.16Opportunities strategical location 10% 1 0.10High hospitality in low price 7% 2 0.14Awarding loyal customer 15% 2 0.30Associate with other business 15% 3 0.45Total weighted score 100% 2.75The weighted score 2.75 indicates that Hilton has th e high ability to response to external factors (value below 2.50 indicates lower response).Internal AuditValue Chain ActivitiesInternal Quality of ServiceTo sustain in this high competitive market Hilton has to retain strict internal quality of service (Lewis, 1988). Employees are trained in cultivation center to face any kind of difficulty to ensure the unity in hospitality business. Up to date information are distributed in a moment when new decision are made (Burgess, 1982).Employee Satisfaction priggish attitude of employer towards the employee in Hilton has been recognized as one of the important factors of company growth which is reflected in their high quality of services to customers. All employees are closely monitored to ensure they dont feel trouble in both on and off-duty (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988).Employee LoyaltyHilton has always come up with the issue to retain their talented hosts to serve guests. Employee has been given up extensive facilities and almost 95% empl oyees are proven to be loyal to Hilton groups. Reallocation of task brought diversification to employees and influence them grow their career in first class hospitality business (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988).External quality of ServiceHilton is said to be one of to best strategic partner other companies would love be part of. From airlines to travel agencies, Hilton has maintained a good chin of network to reach to any part of the world virtually (Hilton Worldwide, 2009).Customer SatisfactionConsumers in hospitality business seek high quality personnel and dedicated client services (Tideman, 1983). Since adopting high range hospitality strategy, Hiltons focus always has been in its superior client service. From Beijing to Sydney, From New York to Paris, consumer satisfaction has been always taken care of provided with culture and life style mix (Khan and Olsen, 1988).Customer LoyaltyThe company also manages the world-class guest reward program HHonors. HHonors branding enables their hos pitality brands to further build their distinguishing identities and the strong value proposition of the HHonors program through customer loyalty (Pfeifer, 1983). Customer loyalty is yet to get the desired outputs since it is not too long it was introduced (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988).Higher IncomeSo thus, having values in hand, Hilton has no way to slip from business. It has been growing over time. Despite having hard time during recent economic recession, Hiltons business is said to be growing further up with refinement plan to build up to 300 hotels worldwide (Burgess, 1982).Internal Factor Evaluation (IFI)Internal factors consider the strength and weakness that a business or firm may face.Developing IFE matrix is similar to EFE matrix that has been done is page 7. The first step is to gather external factors for opportunities and threats. Next, assign weight to each factor. The weight should be between 1 to 100 (0 means the factor has no value, 1 is most influential and 100 means most critical). All weights at the end must be sum to 100. Then, rate of factors is necessary. Rate indicates how responsive the firm is towards the factors Rating usually be done between 1 to 4 (1 = major weakness 2= minor weakness, 3= minor strength, 4 = major strength). Next, multiply each factor weight its ratings resulting weighted score. Lastly, wide-cut sum of all weighted score will determine the IFE of the firm.For Hiltons WorldwideWeight Rating Weighted ScoreStrengthGood reputation 17% 4 0.68Large hotel chain 20% 3 0.60Well-built management team 16% 3 0.48Wide range of services 14% 2 0.28 failingNot for all consumer 10% 1 0.10Expensive 10 % 1 0.10Poor customer service 8% 2 0.16Slow growth in change of demand 5% 2 0.10Total weighted score 100% 2.50The weighted score 2.5 indicates that Hilton has the mutual response to internal factors.Strategic political platform for Next 3 YearsTOWS MatrixStrength-Opportunities StrategiesHilton hotels have a good reputation in hospitalit y business and a large amount of customer chain. Introducing low cost packages for travelers will means a true hospitality to the existing customer as well as for new customers (Slattery, 1983). Hiltons wide range of services may be available to people of all income level (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988).Strength-Threat StrategiesRetain the talented and well managed employees for a smoother business in future could be proven vital (Pfeifer, 1983). Hilton should ways perform task variation, and frequent conversation will all employees to prevent dispute. Employee may be shifted to international chains to gain experience so that they would be loyal to the firm (Burgess, 1982).Weakness-Opportunity StrategiesHigh hospitality in low price is definitely a go ahead step Hilton could adopt to overcome its weakness (King, 1995). Now that, market is been volatile, Hilton may consider leaving high scale profit to high range of customer levels to make its facilities open to all customers (Pfeifer, 198 3). For example, golf course facility should be opened to all hotel guests not only for guest who additionally buy the facility. Hilton may not loose much amount of money but it would be proven a customer oriented approach (Jones, 1996).Weakness-Threats StrategiesPoor customer service has been shouted long as major drawbacks for Hilton hotels. Sometimes customer has been given something that is not asking for and has been charged for that said services (Middleton, 1983). Price structure very often is not exposit to customer before offering thus it brings confusion. In hotel customer services is very crucial to maintain in very high level at always and customer must get the price focus than anything else (Lewis, 1988) (Reuland, Choudry, and Fagel, 1985).SMART Objectives (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-framed)SMART objectives refer to an acronym for five measures of well business growth plan. Often these measures are used to define firms objectives and future goals and evaluation of growth plan.Specific (What to do? For who? With whom)Any growth strategy should be proper(postnominal) and certain. Confusion on goals will bring ambiguous results which may prove fatal for a hospitality business like Hiltons. Well specified business goals, responsible resources, affected peoples, impact on the firms business should be well defined in this stage (Burgess, 1982).Measurable (Is measurable? How to measure?)Of course, once the growth plan and objectives are specified, a certain quantity or quality must be assigned to determine the success or failure of the forge (Pfeifer, 1983). As an example, for future expansion, Hilton plans to open 300 new hotels in next years. 300 is a measurable amount. So then, if the actual success rate is only 200 hotels, it can be said that, the plan didnt succeed fully (Khan and Olsen, 1988).Achievable (Can it be done within the resource available?)Future growth depends upon many aspects specially political, economical and social aspects. If a sudden increase of raw material price, construction of 300 hotels may not be possible within the said budget. Re- calculation might predict a lower scale of growth size (Jones, 1996).Relevant (Does this step lead to expected take?)Once achievable measurement are defined, Hilton must consider whether getting 300 more hotels would be viable specially consider the recent economic downturn. In some places, consumer may not afford to get Hiltons service especially poor developed where tourism sectors are not blooming, opening a high scale hotel may not provide desired output (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988).Time-Framed (How much time need to get the objectives done?)Time is a very important factor for any objectives to be proven very profitable or even failure. Timely decision and timely implementation is the crucial garland of time-frame (Pfeifer, 1983). For any growth strategy, Hilton must choose the right time to go ahead and put a hold when the time is not right (Tay lor and Edgar, 1996). When demand competition is high, Hilton may offer lower price for customers which may includes unique packages for a limited time (Khan and Olsen, 1988).4.3 Ansoffs Growth and Contingency MatrixThe Ansoff Growth matrix is a strategic direction tool that helps businesses decides their strategies for growth. Ansoffs product/market growth matrix discuss about the strategies on which the business deliver new or current products in new or current markets (Tideman, 1983). Overall output of Ansoff product/market matrix is sets of strategies that set the direction for the business growth. These are described belowhttp//strategyiseverywhere.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/ansoff_matrix.pngMarket PenetrationMarket penetration is a general name of selling current products into current markets. Hilton should continuously introduce new products and service to customers to leap ahead (Jones, 1996) (Reuland, Choudry, and Fagel, 1985). Since the hotels most incomes come from hospi tality facility, reshape of current products will ensure market growth and increase of demands by existing customers (Burgess, 1982). Market penetration for Hilton will be focused on the central markets that it is very familiar with, competitors are known, customer needs are defined and returns are potential (King, 1995).Market developmentMarket development tells about the distribution of current products in new market. With its existing facilities, the hotel may introduce private hospitality for the customers who love person-to-person luxury (Taylor and Edgar, 1996). A possible example could be provide terrace houses for high end customers with dedicated services (e.g. personal driver, personal chef etc). (Lewis, 1988)Product developmentProduct development is the name given to a growth strategy where a business aims to introduce new products into existing markets (Reuland, Choudry, and Fagel, 1985). Customer lifestyle has been changed dramatically in recent years so does demands ( Jones, 1996). New generation customers wants champagne instead of coffee. Thus opening of new products with unique style will remind the customers that Hilton cares what customer wants (Edgar and Umbreit, 1988).DiversificationDistribution of new products in new markets is risky. Only in certain aspects large organization does adopt this. However, it can be proven a major milestone in firms business if diversity has been done and succeed. Self service kiosk is a new service recently introduce in Hilton hotels (Burgess, 1982). Most consumers still prefer to use traditional over the counter facilities to get the process done manually or meet special request (Taylor and Edgar, 1996). New expansion business should not introduce directly this self service facility. First customer should have provided training or information about the usage of system in new market. Else, this step would be proven as a disappointment (Jones, 1996).ConclusionHilton International, the worlds best known hotel brand, has triumphed at the prestigious UK National Business Awards for a second year by winning the coveted Broadsystem Customer Focus Award 2005. The decide awarded Hilton Best Customer Focus for demonstrating it has the customer at the heart of its business and deploys and manages its resources to most effectively meet the needs of its customer base.Creative marketing agency, tend works, has supported Hiltons new brand strategy. The next phase saw the development of innovative internal and external marketing tools that communicated and delivered the brand strategy throughout the organization and to the customer. The strategy led to outstanding success for Hilton International with significant commercial returns. However, like any other company, Hilton still has room to improve further (Burgess, 1982).

The Storm Essay -- Essays Papers

The StormThe purpose of this paper is to analyze The Storm by Kate Chopin. In this paper we will advert at the setting, atmosphere, plot, character, foreshadowing, symbolism and theme of this invention.Setting and AtmosphereThis story is set on a sultry afternoon in south Louisiana beneficial Biloxi. The body of the story takes place in Calixtas home during a fierce summer beleaguer. The atmosphere is charged with electricity and sexual tension caused by the storm and the unexpected arrival of Alce Laballire who Calixta had not seen very often since her marriage, and never alone.Plot and CharacterThe main character of the story is Calixta a loving young wife and mother. Calixta is a flat character because she is shown as a normal wife who has a brief passionate episode and hence returns to beingness a normal wife and mother. We see that Calixta is a normal wife because she is performing normal household chores, she is furiously sewing in the beginning of the story and she had hung her husband Bobints, Sunday clothes out to air. Her passionate nature is shown in the lines fear in her liquid blue eyes had given place to a drowsy gleam that unconsciously betrayed a sensuous desire. (29) Her nature is further illustrated in the sentence which began The generous abundance of her passion,(29) this shows us that Calixta was a passionate woman. We then see Calixtas return to her roll of wife and mother because after the storm she was preparing supper when Bobint ...

East Timor :: essays research papers

The tiny south pacific nation of East Timor has had a long and tumultuous history. While it has been touted as the origin independent country of the 21st century, the g overnment originally state its independence in November of 1975. East Timor had spent over 300 years under Portugese regulating and the colonial influences did much to shape Timorese culture and society. As a result East Timor developed very differently from its neighbours and had little in roughhewn with the former Dutch colonization that became Indonesia. Portugese rule over East Timor was, like that in other colonies, oppressive and exploitive. The Portugese assumed a paternal role over the inhabitants of East Timor, regarding their own culture as superior. Rebellions were brutally suppressed and Portugese customs, and values along with the Portugese language were imposed on the Timorese. Despite this oppression independence movements in the colony remained strong. Political parties, once they were legalize d, quickly formed and groups advocating independence won wide spread support. Following the trend towards decolonization is South East Asia Portugal allowed semipolitical parties as a step towards indpendence and democracy in East Timor. However the Portugese failed to ensure the security of East Timor. The was result was that nine days after it had declared its independence from Portugal, East Timor was invaded by neighbouring Indonesia. What followd was a quarter century of brutal oppression in which saw a quarter of the Timorese population drop their lives at the hands of Indonesian troops. The failure of the Portugese decolonization policies cleared the way for the genocide which occurred in East Timor.Until the 1880s Portugese influnece in East Timor was strong, but not complete and the Timorese had been able to maintain their distinct cultural and religious heritages well into the nineteenth century. At this time Portugal was rapidly falling behind its colonial rivals both e conomically and militarily and thus sought to more fully exploit the economic potential of East Timor. In 1887, using the assassination of the colonial governor as a pretext, the Portugese government instituted harsh new economic programs designed to undermine the existing Timorese clan system, and bring the entire colony under the control of the colonial government. These plicies led to much resentemtn of the Portugese by the Timorese people and culminated in a massive uprising beginning 1910. The revolt lasted 2 years and was finally put down by Portugese troops in 1912.

Lincoln and The 1864 Presidential Election Essay -- Government

The 1864 presidential election was one of the important elections in the American History. In the middle of a devastating civil war, the United States had held its presidential election almost without discussing any alternative (American President A Reference Resource). None of the other Democratic nations had always conducted a national election during the time of war. While there was still talk going in postponing the election. That was when capital of Nebraska pointed out that America needs a free government and without conducting the election we have ruined ourselves (Boller P.115). So, before even the year had ended United States had gone forward with its voting just as in peacetime. This was one of the deeply anxious election outcomes for both, the Republican and Pro-war Democrats. They both joint together and formed the National Union Party, which re-nominated Lincoln and selected Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee a orotund state of war Democrats. The campaign of 1864 was noisy and abusive. The threat posed by the Democratic Party, which met in Chicago in August. The Democrats came forward boldly and proclaimed the Civil War a failure, demanded the immediate ending of hostilities, and called for the convening of a national convention to restore the Union by negotiation with the Confederate government (American President A Reference Resource). The Democrats nominated General George B. McClellan, former commander of Union forces whom Lincoln had fired because of his failure to pursue Confederate General Robert E. Lees army after the contest at Antietam in 1862. Some of the Radical Republicans were completely against Lincolns reelection (Mintz). Lincoln then had asked the congress to seat representative from the three recently conquered Con... ... to George W. Bush. January 2004.Chadwick, Bruce. Lincoln For President. Sourcebooks, Naperville Illinois, 2009.McNamara, Robert. The Election of 1860 Brings Abraham Lincoln to the White House Presidential Po litics at a Time of National Crisis. Retrieved March 29th, 2012. http//history1800s.about.com/od/presidentialcampaigns/a/1860election.htm Mintz, S. The 1864 Presidential Election. digital History. (2007). Retrieved March 30th, 2012. http//www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=121Walsh, Kenneth T. The Most Consequential Elections in History Abraham Lincolns Victory in 1864 Led to the End of the Civil War Lincolns victory in 1860 triggered the Civil War, and his victory in 1864 allowed him to win it. Retrieved March 29th, 2012.http//www.usnews.com/news/articles/2008/07/30/the-most-consequential-elections-in-history

Global Warming Is Eroding Glacial Ice :: Analysis, Andrew C. Revkin

People are responsible for higher carbon dioxide atmosphere emissions, while the Earth is now into the Little Ice Age, or just back tooth it. These factors together cause many years discussions of the main sources of climate changes and the temperature increasing as a result of human been or natural changes and its consequences even if its caterpillar tread to the global warming, or to the Earths cooling. In their articles, Global Warming Is Eroding Glacial Ice by Andrew C. Revkin and Global Warming Is Not a Threat to Polar Ice by Philip Stott, both authors discuss these two theories (Revkin 340 Stott 344). Revkin is right that global warming is taking place. Significant increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is due to human activities combined with natural factors such as volcanic emissions and solar radiation on the whole together they lead to climate changes and temperatures rising. At the same time, other factors such as deforestation contribute to environmental changes for some glaciers not less than air pollution. However, during global warming not all regions of the planet are affected in the same way, local warming and cooling are both possible during these changes. First, during the last few decades the Earth is experiencing greater rate of rising temperatures due to greenhouse gases that are being produced by human activities rather than because of environmental reasons, such as solar or volcanic activities. In 2006 the President of the National Academy of Sciences stated There is no doubt that the Earth is warming, also he added that deal are at least(prenominal) partly responsible for these changes in addition to regular factors (Cicerone, par.4). Natural factors have produced climate fluctuations on Earth for several million years. People have effect an atmosphere of the Earth just for nearly one hundred years, since Industrial Revolution has begun (Revkin 340). Of course, it is unfair to say that global warming is caused entirely by h umans. For example, people can not have an impact on the position of Earth in relation to the sun, or on the galactic density, or such temperament events as air emissions of volcanic gases. As a result of these environmental factors, Earth usually had higher rates of temperature fluctuations during the previous million years than it has in later centuries. On the other hand, people are responsible for the highest concentration of greenhouse gases during the last 650,000 years in the atmosphere due to industrial manufacturing, dictated by the increase in consumer consumption (Lindsey, par.

Judaisms Modernization In America :: essays research papers

The Judaic way of life has been affected in a tremendous way by the people of the United States of the States. By the time of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, there were only 2500 Jews in America. For forty years beginning in 1840, 250,000 Jews (primarily from Germany, Hungary, and Bohemia) entered this country. Anti-Semitism and economic woes in Eastern Europe went from bad to worse after the pogroms of 1881-1882. Almost three one million million million Eastern European Jews left between 1881 and 1914, two million (85%) of which decided to come to America, where they thought "the streets were paved with gold." They were wrong. Because of this intercontinental migration, the socialcharacterization of Jews in America changed drastically. Beforethe move, the largest group in the early eighteenth ampere-second werethe Sephardic Jews. They lived in the coastal cities as merchants,artisans, and shippers. The Jews who predominately spoke Germancame to America o ver 100 years later, and quickly spread bring out overthe land. Starting as peddlers, they moved up to businesspositions in the south, midwest, and on the west coast. New YorkCity had 85,000 Jews by 1880, most of which had German roots. Atthis time in American history, the government accepted many peoplefrom many different backgrounds to allow for a diverse populationthis act of opening our borders probably is the origin of thedescriptive phrase "the melting pot of the world."These German Jews rapidly assimilated themselves and their faith. Reform Judaism arrived here after the Civil War due to the advent of European Reform rabbis. Jewish seminaries, associations, and institutions, such as Cincinnatis Hebrew Union College, NewYorks Jewish Theological Seminary, the Union of American HebrewCongregations (UAHC), and the Central Conference of AmericanRabbis, were founded in the 1880s.America was experimenting with industry on a huge scale at the time the Eastern European Jews t hat arrived. Their social history combined with the American Industrial shape up produced an extremely diverse and distinct American Jewry by the end of theintercontinental migration, which coincided with the start of theGreat World War (World War I). Almost two out of every three newimmigrants called the big northeast municipalities (such as theLower East Side of New York) their new home. They would take anyjob visible(prenominal) to support the family, and they worked in manydifferent jobs which were as physically demanding as they werediverse. The garment district in New York today was made from themeticulousness, the sweat, and the determination of the Jews.